another trend

Every hundred years, as the story goes, two angels wonder out loud whether the bees are still swarming. For as long as the bees are swarming, the angels are reassured, the world holds together. Still, the tale suggests, the angels live in anxious anticipation of the End. Local beekeepers in Bosnia and Herzegovina retell the old tale with growing unease, as their honeybees weather the ground effects of climate change. Beekeeping in the End Times relates extreme weather events and quieter disasters that have been altering honey ecologies across Bosnia and Herzegovina since 2014. While world-wide endangerment of pollinators, and bees in particular, has been the subject of much global concern, effects of climate change on the indispensable honeybees,remain understudied. Drawing on a five-year long study, the book suggests that local apiarists' field observations resonate with many climate biologists' concerns and speculations about the future of plant-bee relations on the warming planet. Local practice also adds to the record complex and puzzling trends that make honey scarce in otherwise lush, biodiverse landscapes. To Bosnian Muslims, honeybees are more than pollinators. They are inspired beings whose honey is another form of divinely revelation. To appreciate the meaning of honeybees and to grasp the dire ecological catastrophe underway, Jasarevic reads contemporary environmental writings and Sufi texts, she listens to the seasoned beekeepers and collects local wisdom tales. From start to finish, Jasarevic pores over key Islamic texts, the Quran and the Hadith, and their popular retellings. The Islamic end-times lore, the book proposes, holds surprising lessons on how to live and strive in the 'not yet,' stalling the apocalypse.

Populism is a central concept in the current media debates about politics and elections. However, like most political buzzwords, the term often floats from one meaning to another, and both social scientists and journalists use it to denote diverse phenomena. What is populism really? Who are the populist leaders? And what is the relationship between populism and democracy? This book answers these questions in a simple and persuasive way, offering a swift guide to populism in theory and practice. Cas Mudde and Cristóbal Rovera Kaltwasser present populism as an ideology that divides society into two antagonistic camps, the "pure people" versus the "corrupt elite," and that privileges the general will of the people above all else. They illustrate the practical power of this ideology through a survey of representative populist movements of the modern era: European right-wing parties, left-wing presidents in Latin America, and the Tea Party movement in the United States. The authors delve into the ambivalent personalities of charismatic populist leaders such as Juan Domingo Péron, H. Ross Perot, Jean-Marie le Pen, Silvio Berlusconi, and Hugo Chávez. If the strong male leader embodies the mainstream form of populism, many resolute women, such as Eva Péron, Pauline Hanson, and Sarah Palin, have also succeeded in building a populist status, often by exploiting gendered notions of society. Although populism is ultimately part of democracy, populist movements constitute an increasing challenge to democratic politics. Comparing political trends across different countries, this compelling book debates what the long-term consequences of this challenge could be, as it turns the spotlight on the bewildering effect of populism on today's political and social life.

Cat St. Clair is ready for her messy love triangle era now that she's in an open relationship. But she didn't foresee a forbidden love triangle with the only two people who are off-limits: her boyfriend's best friend and his girlfriend. Being a twenty-something writer who lives for plot, she falls for them anyway, with deliciously disastrous consequences, in this electric literary debut for fans of Xochitl Gonzalez, Coco Mellors, Lily King, and Raven Leilani. It's the autumn of 2024, and twenty-four-year-old Cat isn't asking for too much: all she wants is three boyfriends, to write her little novels and to survive another chaotic presidential election. She's in an open relationship with her college sweetheart Jay, but nonmonogamy isn't just a hot trend she's trying. It's her sliver of freedom in a world eager to wrestle it from her for being a Black woman going after what she wants with reckless abandon. While political tensions roil the campus where Cat is slowly earning her creative writing degree, she finds herself drawn to Jay's best friend, Tristan, who's smart, super hot, and ... in a monogamous relationship. And then she meets Tristan's girlfriend, Nia, a captivating art student with her own gravitational pull. Friends and family urge her to just be happy with Jay, but Cat is determined to have it all - or blow up her life trying. As she falls for all the wrong people, racking up lies, betrayals and terrible drafts of her novel, she tries to write her way to a happy ending. But in art, politics, and love, true liberation may take more than rewriting the old scripts. It may mean inventing something entirely new.

Every hundred years, as the story goes, two angels wonder out loud whether the bees are still swarming. For as long as the bees are swarming, the angels are reassured, the world holds together. Still, the tale suggests, the angels live in anxious anticipation of the End. Local beekeepers in Bosnia and Herzegovina retell the old tale with growing unease, as their honeybees weather the ground effects of climate change. Beekeeping in the End Times relates extreme weather events and quieter disasters that have been altering honey ecologies across Bosnia and Herzegovina since 2014. While world-wide endangerment of pollinators, and bees in particular, has been the subject of much global concern, effects of climate change on the indispensable honeybees,remain understudied. Drawing on a five-year long study, the book suggests that local apiarists' field observations resonate with many climate biologists' concerns and speculations about the future of plant-bee relations on the warming planet. Local practice also adds to the record complex and puzzling trends that make honey scarce in otherwise lush, biodiverse landscapes. To Bosnian Muslims, honeybees are more than pollinators. They are inspired beings whose honey is another form of divinely revelation. To appreciate the meaning of honeybees and to grasp the dire ecological catastrophe underway, Jasarevic reads contemporary environmental writings and Sufi texts, she listens to the seasoned beekeepers and collects local wisdom tales. From start to finish, Jasarevic pores over key Islamic texts, the Quran and the Hadith, and their popular retellings. The Islamic end-times lore, the book proposes, holds surprising lessons on how to live and strive in the 'not yet,' stalling the apocalypse.

Populism is a central concept in the current media debates about politics and elections. However, like most political buzzwords, the term often floats from one meaning to another, and both social scientists and journalists use it to denote diverse phenomena. What is populism really? Who are the populist leaders? And what is the relationship between populism and democracy? This book answers these questions in a simple and persuasive way, offering a swift guide to populism in theory and practice. Cas Mudde and Cristóbal Rovera Kaltwasser present populism as an ideology that divides society into two antagonistic camps, the "pure people" versus the "corrupt elite," and that privileges the general will of the people above all else. They illustrate the practical power of this ideology through a survey of representative populist movements of the modern era: European right-wing parties, left-wing presidents in Latin America, and the Tea Party movement in the United States. The authors delve into the ambivalent personalities of charismatic populist leaders such as Juan Domingo Péron, H. Ross Perot, Jean-Marie le Pen, Silvio Berlusconi, and Hugo Chávez. If the strong male leader embodies the mainstream form of populism, many resolute women, such as Eva Péron, Pauline Hanson, and Sarah Palin, have also succeeded in building a populist status, often by exploiting gendered notions of society. Although populism is ultimately part of democracy, populist movements constitute an increasing challenge to democratic politics. Comparing political trends across different countries, this compelling book debates what the long-term consequences of this challenge could be, as it turns the spotlight on the bewildering effect of populism on today's political and social life.

Cat St. Clair is ready for her messy love triangle era now that she's in an open relationship. But she didn't foresee a forbidden love triangle with the only two people who are off-limits: her boyfriend's best friend and his girlfriend. Being a twenty-something writer who lives for plot, she falls for them anyway, with deliciously disastrous consequences, in this electric literary debut for fans of Xochitl Gonzalez, Coco Mellors, Lily King, and Raven Leilani. It's the autumn of 2024, and twenty-four-year-old Cat isn't asking for too much: all she wants is three boyfriends, to write her little novels and to survive another chaotic presidential election. She's in an open relationship with her college sweetheart Jay, but nonmonogamy isn't just a hot trend she's trying. It's her sliver of freedom in a world eager to wrestle it from her for being a Black woman going after what she wants with reckless abandon. While political tensions roil the campus where Cat is slowly earning her creative writing degree, she finds herself drawn to Jay's best friend, Tristan, who's smart, super hot, and ... in a monogamous relationship. And then she meets Tristan's girlfriend, Nia, a captivating art student with her own gravitational pull. Friends and family urge her to just be happy with Jay, but Cat is determined to have it all - or blow up her life trying. As she falls for all the wrong people, racking up lies, betrayals and terrible drafts of her novel, she tries to write her way to a happy ending. But in art, politics, and love, true liberation may take more than rewriting the old scripts. It may mean inventing something entirely new.

Populism is a central concept in the current media debates about politics and elections. However, like most political buzzwords, the term often floats from one meaning to another, and both social scientists and journalists use it to denote diverse phenomena. What is populism really? Who are the populist leaders? And what is the relationship between populism and democracy? This book answers these questions in a simple and persuasive way, offering a swift guide to populism in theory and practice. Cas Mudde and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser present populism as an ideology that divides society into two antagonistic camps, the "pure people" versus the "corrupt elite," and that privileges the general will of the people above all else. They illustrate the practical power of this ideology through a survey of representative populist movements of the modern era: European right-wing parties, left-wing presidents in Latin America, and the Tea Party movement in the United States. The authors delve into the ambivalent personalities of charismatic populist leaders such as Juan Domingo Péron, H. Ross Perot, Jean-Marie le Pen, Silvio Berlusconi, and Hugo Chávez. If the strong male leader embodies the mainstream form of populism, many resolute women, such as Eva Péron, Pauline Hanson, and Sarah Palin, have also succeeded in building a populist status, often by exploiting gendered notions of society. Although populism is ultimately part of democracy, populist movements constitute an increasing challenge to democratic politics. Comparing political trends across different countries, this compelling book debates what the long-term consequences of this challenge could be, as it turns the spotlight on the bewildering effect of populism on today's political and social life.

Cat St. Clair is ready for her messy love triangle era now that she's in an open relationship. But she didn't foresee a forbidden love triangle with the only two people who are off-limits: her boyfriend's best friend and his girlfriend. Being a twenty-something writer who lives for plot, she falls for them anyway, with deliciously disastrous consequences, in this electric literary debut for fans of Xochitl Gonzalez, Coco Mellors, Lily King, and Raven Leilani. It's the fall of 2024, and twenty-four-year-old Cat isn't asking for too much: all she wants is three boyfriends, to write her little novels, and to survive another chaotic presidential election. She's in an open relationship with her college sweetheart Jay, but nonmonogamy isn't just a hot trend she's trying. It's her sliver of freedom in a world eager to wrestle it from her for being a Black woman going after what she wants with reckless abandon. While political tensions roil the campus where Cat is slowly earning her creative writing degree, she finds herself drawn to Jay's best friend, Tristan, who's smart, super hot, and…in a monogamous relationship. And then she meets Tristan's girlfriend, Nia, a captivating art student with her own gravitational pull. Friends and family urge her to just be happy with Jay, but Cat is determined to have it all—or blow up her life trying. As she falls for all the wrong people, racking up lies, betrayals, and terrible drafts of her novel, she tries to write her way to a happy ending. But in art, politics, and love, true liberation may take more than rewriting the old scripts. It may mean inventing something entirely new.

“Packed with fascinating facts, of-the-moment observations, and a sparkling voice, Algospeak is a gift to any word nerd. Deftly covering everything from emoji etymologies and trendbait to Taylor Swift fanilects... Adam Aleksic is the wise, yet accessible internet linguistics oracle we need.” —Amanda Montell, author of The Age of Magical Overthinking and Cultish From “brainrot” memes and incel slang to the trend of adding  “-core” to different influencer aesthetics, the internet has ushered in an unprecedented linguistic upheaval. We’re entering an entirely new era of etymology, heralded by the invisible forces driving social media algorithms. Thankfully, Algospeak is here to explain. As a professional linguist, Adam Aleksic understands the gravity of language and the way we use it: he knows the ways it has morphed and changed, how it reflects society, and how, in its everyday usage, we carry centuries of human history on our tongues. As a social media influencer, Aleksic is also intimately familiar with the internet’s reach and how social media impacts the way we engage with one another. New slang emerges and goes viral overnight. Accents are shaped or erased on YouTube. Grammatical rules, loopholes, and patterns surface and transform language as we know it. Our interactions—and our social norms and habits—shift into something completely different. As Aleksic uses original surveys, data, and internet archival research to usher us through this new linguistic landscape, he also illuminates how communication is changing in both familiar and unprecedented ways. From our use of emojis to sentence structure to the ways younger generations talk about sex and death (see unalive in English and desvivirse in Spanish), we are in a brand-new world, one shaped by algorithms and technology. Algospeak is an energetic, astonishing journey into language, the internet, and what this intersection means for all of us.

“Packed with fascinating facts, of-the-moment observations, and a sparkling voice, Algospeak is a gift to any word nerd. Deftly covering everything from emoji etymologies and trendbait to Taylor Swift fanilects... Adam Aleksic is the wise, yet accessible internet linguistics oracle we need.” —Amanda Montell, author of The Age of Magical Overthinking and Cultish From “brainrot” memes and incel slang to the trend of adding  “-core” to different influencer aesthetics, the internet has ushered in an unprecedented linguistic upheaval. We’re entering an entirely new era of etymology, heralded by the invisible forces driving social media algorithms. Thankfully, Algospeak is here to explain. As a professional linguist, Adam Aleksic understands the gravity of language and the way we use it: he knows the ways it has morphed and changed, how it reflects society, and how, in its everyday usage, we carry centuries of human history on our tongues. As a social media influencer, Aleksic is also intimately familiar with the internet’s reach and how social media impacts the way we engage with one another. New slang emerges and goes viral overnight. Accents are shaped or erased on YouTube. Grammatical rules, loopholes, and patterns surface and transform language as we know it. Our interactions, social norms, and habits—both online and in person—shift into something completely different. As Aleksic uses original surveys, data, and internet archival research to usher us through this new linguistic landscape, he also illuminates how communication is changing in both familiar and unexpected ways. From our use of emojis to sentence structure to the ways younger generations talk about sex and death (see unalive in English and desvivirse in Spanish), we are in a brand-new world, one shaped by algorithms and technology. Algospeak is an energetic, astonishing journey into language, the internet, and what this intersection means for all of us.

Comprehensively teaches all of the fundamentals of fragrance chemistry Ernest Beaux, the perfumer who created Chanel No. 5, said, "One has to rely on chemists to find new aroma chemicals creating new, original notes. In perfumery, the future lies primarily in the hands of chemists." This book provides chemists and chemists-to-be with everything they need to know in order to create welcome new fragrances for the world to enjoy. It offers a simplified introduction into organic chemistry, including separation techniques and analytical methodologies; discusses the structure of perfume creation with respect to the many reactive ingredients in consumer products; and shows how to formulate effective and long-lasting scents. Fundamentals of Fragrance Chemistry starts by covering the structure of matter in order to show how its building blocks are held together. It continues with chapters that look at hydrocarbons and heteroatoms. A description of the three states of matter and how each can be converted into another is offered next, followed by coverage of separation and purification of materials. Other chapters examine acid/base reactions; oxidation and reduction reactions; perfume structure; the mechanism of olfaction; natural and synthetic fragrance ingredients; and much more. -Concentrates on aspects of organic chemistry, which are of particular importance to the fragrance industry -Offers non-chemists a simplified yet complete introduction to organic chemistry?from separation techniques and analytical methodologies to the structure of perfume creation -Provides innovative perfumers with a framework to formulate stable fragrances from the myriad of active ingredients available -Looks at future trends in the industry and addresses concerns about sustainability and quality management Fundamentals of Fragrance Chemistry is an ideal resource for students who are new to the subject, as well as for chemists and perfumers already working in this fragrant field of science.

Beat the odds with a bold strategy from McKinsey & Company "Every once in a while, a genuinely fresh approach to business strategy appears" -legendary business professor Richard Rumelt, UCLA McKinsey & Company's newest, most definitive, and most irreverent book on strategy-which thousands of executives are already using-is a must-read for all C-suite executives looking to create winning corporate strategies. Strategy Beyond the Hockey Stick is spearheading an empirical revolution in the field of strategy. Based on an extensive analysis of the key factors that drove the long-term performance of thousands of global companies, the book offers a ground-breaking formula that enables you to objectively assess your strategy's real odds of future success. "This book is fundamental. The principles laid out here, with compelling data, are a great way around the social pitfalls in strategy development." -Frans Van Houten, CEO, Royal Philips N.V. The authors have discovered that over a 10-year period, just 1 in 12 companies manage to jump from the middle tier of corporate performance-where 60% of companies reside, making very little economic profit-to the top quintile where 90% of global economic profit is made. This movement does not happen by magic-it depends on your company's current position, the trends it faces, and the big moves you make to give it the strongest chance of vaulting over the competition. This is not another strategy framework. Rather, Strategy Beyond the Hockey Stick shows, through empirical analysis and the experiences of dozens of companies that have successfully made multiple big moves, that to dramatically improve performance, you have to overcome incrementalism and corporate inertia. "A different kind of book-I couldn't put it down. Inspiring new insights on the facts of what it takes to move a company's performance, combined with practical advice on how to deal with real-life dynamics in management teams." -Jane Fraser, CEO, Citigroup Latin America

“Packed with fascinating facts, of-the-moment observations, and a sparkling voice, Algospeak is a gift to any word nerd. Deftly covering everything from emoji etymologies and trendbait to Taylor Swift fanilects... Adam Aleksic is the wise, yet accessible internet linguistics oracle we need.” —Amanda Montell, author of The Age of Magical Overthinking and Cultish From “brainrot” memes and incel slang to the trend of adding “-core” to different influencer aesthetics, the internet has ushered in an unprecedented linguistic upheaval. We’re entering an entirely new era of etymology, heralded by the invisible forces driving social media algorithms. Thankfully, Algospeak is here to explain. As a professional linguist, Adam Aleksic understands the gravity of language and the way we use it: he knows the ways it has morphed and changed, how it reflects society, and how, in its everyday usage, we carry centuries of human history on our tongues. As a social media influencer, Aleksic is also intimately familiar with the internet’s reach and how social media impacts the way we engage with one another. New slang emerges and goes viral overnight. Accents are shaped or erased on YouTube. Grammatical rules, loopholes, and patterns surface and transform language as we know it. Our interactions, social norms, and habits—both online and in person—shift into something completely different. As Aleksic uses original surveys, data, and internet archival research to usher us through this new linguistic landscape, he also illuminates how communication is changing in both familiar and unexpected ways. From our use of emojis to sentence structure to the ways younger generations talk about sex and death (see unalive in English and desvivirse in Spanish), we are in a brand-new world, one shaped by algorithms and technology. Algospeak is an energetic, astonishing journey into language, the internet, and what this intersection means for all of us.

“Packed with fascinating facts, of-the-moment observations, and a sparkling voice, Algospeak is a gift to any word nerd. Deftly covering everything from emoji etymologies and trendbait to Taylor Swift fanilects... Adam Aleksic is the wise, yet accessible internet linguistics oracle we need.” —Amanda Montell, author of The Age of Magical Overthinking and Cultish From “brainrot” memes and incel slang to the trend of adding “-core” to different influencer aesthetics, the internet has ushered in an unprecedented linguistic upheaval. We’re entering an entirely new era of etymology, heralded by the invisible forces driving social media algorithms. Thankfully, Algospeak is here to explain. As a professional linguist, Adam Aleksic understands the gravity of language and the way we use it: he knows the ways it has morphed and changed, how it reflects society, and how, in its everyday usage, we carry centuries of human history on our tongues. As a social media influencer, Aleksic is also intimately familiar with the internet’s reach and how social media impacts the way we engage with one another. New slang emerges and goes viral overnight. Accents are shaped or erased on YouTube. Grammatical rules, loopholes, and patterns surface and transform language as we know it. Our interactions—and our social norms and habits—shift into something completely different. As Aleksic uses original surveys, data, and internet archival research to usher us through this new linguistic landscape, he also illuminates how communication is changing in both familiar and unprecedented ways. From our use of emojis to sentence structure to the ways younger generations talk about sex and death (see unalive in English and desvivirse in Spanish), we are in a brand-new world, one shaped by algorithms and technology. Algospeak is an energetic, astonishing journey into language, the internet, and what this intersection means for all of us.

A bundle of books #4 (LOVE LIKE THEIRS) and #5 (LOVE LIKE THIS) in Sophie Loves's The Romance Chronicles series. This bundle offers books #4 and #5 in one convenient audiobook. In LOVE LIKE THEIRS, Keira Swanson, 28, has sworn off of love. With her heart still hurting from her breakups with Cristiano and Shane, she will not allow her magazine to use her for another love experiment. Which is fine by them, because they want to send her off on a different kind of trip: to prove that someone suffering from a breakup can avoid a knee-jerk rebound affair and manage NOT to fall in love. But Keira does not anticipate the beauty of Copenhagen and of Stockholm ("the Paris of the North") or the stunning hospitality of the Scandinavians. With Christmas on the way, resisting a new love may be harder than she thinks…. In LOVE LIKE THIS, Keira Swanson finds herself spending a magical Christmas with new her new boyfriend and his family in Sweden. How will their relationship end? Keira returns to New York to discover, to her shock, that she has started a new trend in dating that is sweeping across the country—"Scandinavian romance"—and to find herself becoming a celebrity. Even more confusing, her sister gets engaged, and gives Keira constant advice. Overwhelmed, Keira takes solace when Christiano calls, and surprises herself when she agrees to take a week off and meet him on neutral ground: in Greece. Her magazine is thrilled, and they want this to be her new assignment: can love work the second time around, in a different time and place, if you give it one more chance? A whirlwind romantic comedy that is as profound as it is funny, THE ROMANCE CHRONICLES will make you laugh, cry, and will keep you turning pages late into the night—and will make you fall in love with romance all over again.

A NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • From linguist Adam Aleksic, known as @etymologynerd on social media, comes a captivating exploration of how internet algorithms are transforming language and communication in unprecedented ways. “Packed with fascinating facts, of-the-moment observations, and a sparkling voice, Algospeak is a gift to any word nerd. Deftly covering everything from emoji etymologies and trendbait to Taylor Swift fanilects . . . Adam Aleksic is the wise, yet accessible internet linguistics oracle we need.”—Amanda Montell, author of The Age of Magical Overthinking and Cultish From “brainrot” memes and incel slang to the trend of adding “-core” to different influencer aesthetics, the internet has ushered in an unprecedented linguistic upheaval. We’re entering an entirely new era of etymology, heralded by the invisible forces driving social media algorithms. Thankfully, Algospeak is here to explain. As a professional linguist, Adam Aleksic understands the gravity of language and the way we use it: he knows the ways it has morphed and changed, how it reflects society, and how, in its everyday usage, we carry centuries of human history on our tongues. As a social media influencer, Aleksic is also intimately familiar with the internet’s reach and how social media impacts the way we engage with one another. New slang emerges and goes viral overnight. Accents are shaped or erased on YouTube. Grammatical rules, loopholes, and patterns surface and transform language as we know it. Our interactions, social norms, and habits—both online and in person—shift into something completely different. As Aleksic uses original surveys, data, and internet archival research to usher us through this new linguistic landscape, he also illuminates how communication is changing in both familiar and unexpected ways. From our use of emojis to sentence structure to the ways younger generations talk about sex and death (see unalive in English and desvivirse in Spanish), we are in a brand-new world, one shaped by algorithms and technology. Algospeak is an energetic, astonishing journey into language, the internet, and what this intersection means for all of us.

A NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER From linguist Adam Aleksic, known as @etymologynerd on social media, comes a captivating exploration of how internet algorithms are transforming language and communication in unprecedented ways. “Packed with fascinating facts, of-the-moment observations, and a sparkling voice, Algospeak is a gift to any word nerd. Deftly covering everything from emoji etymologies and trendbait to Taylor Swift fanilects . . . Adam Aleksic is the wise, yet accessible internet linguistics oracle we need.”—Amanda Montell, author of The Age of Magical Overthinking and Cultish From “brainrot” memes and incel slang to the trend of adding “-core” to different influencer aesthetics, the internet has ushered in an unprecedented linguistic upheaval. We’re entering an entirely new era of etymology, heralded by the invisible forces driving social media algorithms. Thankfully, Algospeak is here to explain. As a professional linguist, Adam Aleksic understands the gravity of language and the way we use it: he knows the ways it has morphed and changed, how it reflects society, and how, in its everyday usage, we carry centuries of human history on our tongues. As a social media influencer, Aleksic is also intimately familiar with the internet’s reach and how social media impacts the way we engage with one another. New slang emerges and goes viral overnight. Accents are shaped or erased on YouTube. Grammatical rules, loopholes, and patterns surface and transform language as we know it. Our interactions, social norms, and habits—both online and in person—shift into something completely different. As Aleksic uses original surveys, data, and internet archival research to usher us through this new linguistic landscape, he also illuminates how communication is changing in both familiar and unexpected ways. From our use of emojis to sentence structure to the ways younger generations talk about sex and death (see unalive in English and desvivirse in Spanish), we are in a brand-new world, one shaped by algorithms and technology. Algospeak is an energetic, astonishing journey into language, the internet, and what this intersection means for all of us.

Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - General, grade: 1,6, Heilbronn Business School (Heilbronn Business School), course: MBA, language: English, abstract: This assignment started in November 2007 and ended in February 2008. Due to the topic of this assignment and the huge possibilities embedded within, I found it quite challenging at the beginning to find an appropriate example of a leader. In the end I decided to write this case about someone, who is well known, controversially discussed and not only a person but also a personality ¿ Vladimir Putin. A man who is not certain where to look about, rather shy, on the right hand side of this 187 cm giant Boris Jelzin. Vladimir Putin¿s posture is hesitant and observant. This picture was taken 9 years ago in 1999. In this assignment we will learn who he was, who he became and who he is and what impact he had on his country - Russia. The key data for Russia are amazing. One can conclude from the size (17.075.400 square kilometres with 142.400.000 inhabitants with eleven time zones) of the country, the billionaires and the poor, the history and power of this state, that a lot can be achieved ¿ for the good or for the worse. If we have a short look at the recent political history of Russia before Putin was elected president, we are faced with Boris Jelzin. A great man in size, but weak in politics. The cultural history which emerged throughout the last decades is assertiveness - almost aggressiveness ¿ an effective way to work oneself up the social ladder. Another trade is the in-group collectivism and gender egalitarianism. (page 310, Leadership ¿ Theory and Practice, Peter G. Northouse, SAGE). Especially the trait of in-group collectivism will be a necessary stepping-stone for Putin¿s career. Putin's well-calculated steps, from the beginning of his political career to the peak of his carrer is described and shows who is pulling the strings behind the political stage of Russia. His leadership style is analysed against various leadership theories. The recent events (May 2008) support the trend which is analysed in this case.

Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - General, grade: 1,6, Heilbronn Business School (Heilbronn Business School), course: MBA, language: English, abstract: This assignment started in November 2007 and ended in February 2008. Due to the topic of this assignment and the huge possibilities embedded within, I found it quite challenging at the beginning to find an appropriate example of a leader. In the end I decided to write this case about someone, who is well known, controversially discussed and not only a person but also a personality ¿ Vladimir Putin. A man who is not certain where to look about, rather shy, on the right hand side of this 187 cm giant Boris Jelzin. Vladimir Putin¿s posture is hesitant and observant. This picture was taken 9 years ago in 1999. In this assignment we will learn who he was, who he became and who he is and what impact he had on his country - Russia. The key data for Russia are amazing. One can conclude from the size (17.075.400 square kilometres with 142.400.000 inhabitants with eleven time zones) of the country, the billionaires and the poor, the history and power of this state, that a lot can be achieved ¿ for the good or for the worse. If we have a short look at the recent political history of Russia before Putin was elected president, we are faced with Boris Jelzin. A great man in size, but weak in politics. The cultural history which emerged throughout the last decades is assertiveness - almost aggressiveness ¿ an effective way to work oneself up the social ladder. Another trade is the in-group collectivism and gender egalitarianism. (page 310, Leadership ¿ Theory and Practice, Peter G. Northouse, SAGE). Especially the trait of in-group collectivism will be a necessary stepping-stone for Putin¿s career. Putin's well-calculated steps, from the beginning of his political career to the peak of his carrer is described and shows who is pulling the strings behind the political stage of Russia. His leadership style is analysed against various leadership theories. The recent events (May 2008) support the trend which is analysed in this case.

Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Didactics - English - Pedagogy, Literature Studies, grade: 2,0, University of Augsburg (Phil-Hist Fakultät), course: Teaching and Learning English Pronunciation, language: English, abstract: In the course of the last three decades a whole new prominence has been granted to the significance of foreign language (FL) learning. Due to the recent development of globalization, further emerging of multi-national enterprises and the coalescence of the European Union, this appears to be the logical consequence. Because of its nowadays widely accepted status as a lingua franca (Acar 2006) the learning and teaching of English as the most frequently spoken second language has gained importance ¿ in Germany as well as in most industrialized countries speaking prevalently another first language (L1). In the recent past, since the end of the 19th century, changing trends have focused on different methods of language teaching, such as the ability to translate texts, correct use of grammar, or wide range of vocabulary. However, the teaching of English pronunciation finally has come back into the focus of interest since the second half of the 1980s due to the mentioned economic and social changes. Nowadays the ability to (net-) work internationally ¿ and thus reach the ¿ultimate goal of communication with other speakers of the second language¿ (Brown 1994: 226) seems to be one of the highest goals of achievement of second language (L2) learning. During the time of almost one century of pronunciation teaching the attitude towards the issue has changed as well: as Chun (1991: 179) states in her article, the development started from a segmental and comparative sound repetition learning strategy, followed by a period of simply ignoring the topic completely from the 1960s to the early 1980s, leading finally to the up-to-date approach of teaching suprasegmentals, sentence intonation as well as other aspects of connected speech. The most current approach towards second language teaching lies, according to Neri, Cucchiarini and Strik (2006: 357), in ¿the achievement of communicative effectiveness¿. This means that learners do not necessarily have to eradicate the slightest traces of foreign accent in their productions of L2 speech but are trained to avoid serious pronunciation errors.

Next Level Coloring - Take Your Skills Up Another Notch! ** 36 Tutorials + Mini-Tutorials Will Have You Coloring Like a Pro! ** Features: MORE, MORE, MORE Step-By-Step Tutorials! 36 Full Tutorials + Many Mini-Lessons and Color Variations: Rich Black Background; Starry Sky Background; Radial Circle Backdrop; Green Haze; 2 Different Ways to Use Peachy Pink for Backgrounds; Smokey Bokeh; Chocolate Easter Bunny; Foil Egg; Shimmery Candy Cane, Pearlized Lollipop, Transparent Heart Lollipop, Candy Corn, Candy Heart, Gummy Bear, Patent Leather, Leather, Suede, Holiday Gift Box, Bow & Ornaments; Gingerbread Man; Adding Decorative Elements; Sparkly Fabric Overlay; Dark Brown Eye (and Other Combinations); 4 Skin Tone Varieties; Glowing & Theatrical Portrait Tips, Greyscale Glowing Mushroom, Bird of Paradise Flower, Lovely Luna Moth; Beautiful Betta Fish; Dazzling Dragonfly; Lush Lotus Flower; Water Droplets Guest Tutorials by Lilicence and Coloured_By_Me GREYSCALE Tips NEW Ingenious Hacks to Get the Most Out of Your Coloring Books and Supplies CONVERSION TO PRISMACOLOR PREMIER Charts from 5 of the Most Popular 72+ Budget Brands of Colored Pencils FIFTEEN Single-Sided Practice & Coloring Pages for Use with the Tutorials, Including Several Toned Paper Coloring Pages Simple Background Ideas Color Scheme Swaps Instruction on Light & Shadow *Limited time* BONUS - FREE GIFT of Downloadable White Versions of Several Toned Pages A Downloadable, Customizable Color-Organizer Chart Information on Newest Trends Including: Favored Colored Pencils of Colorists and Mixed Media Supplies The Elements & Principles of Art & Design Appropriate for All Ages and Different Skill Levels Markers and Gel Pens may Be Used in the Book with Blotter Pages Underneath 2017 Amazon Best-Selling Author, Artist and educator, Jennifer Zimmermann knows how to make the complicated simple! In this newest volume, Jennifer walks you through eye-popping yet surprisingly achievable tutorials each step of the way. Have you been trying to find background ideas and money-saving hacks? Perhaps you need further instruction on lighting and shadows? Are you looking to make leather look real or to learn the differences between something matte vs. something glossy? Would you like to know how to color something transparent vs. opaque? Have you been wondering how to color GREYSCALE pages? It's all in the book! Schedule

Next Level Coloring - Take Your Skills Up Another Notch! ** 36 Tutorials + Mini-Tutorials Will Have You Coloring Like a Pro! ** Features: MORE, MORE, MORE Step-By-Step Tutorials! 36 Full Tutorials + Many Mini-Lessons and Color Variations: Rich Black Background; Starry Sky Background; Radial Circle Backdrop; Green Haze; 2 Different Ways to Use Peachy Pink for Backgrounds; Smokey Bokeh; Chocolate Easter Bunny; Foil Egg; Shimmery Candy Cane, Pearlized Lollipop, Transparent Heart Lollipop, Candy Corn, Candy Heart, Gummy Bear, Patent Leather, Leather, Suede, Holiday Gift Box, Bow & Ornaments; Gingerbread Man; Adding Decorative Elements; Sparkly Fabric Overlay; Dark Brown Eye (and Other Combinations); 4 Skin Tone Varieties; Glowing & Theatrical Portrait Tips, Greyscale Glowing Mushroom, Bird of Paradise Flower, Lovely Luna Moth; Beautiful Betta Fish; Dazzling Dragonfly; Lush Lotus Flower; Water Droplets Guest Tutorials by Lilicence and Coloured_By_Me GREYSCALE Tips NEW Ingenious Hacks to Get the Most Out of Your Coloring Books and Supplies CONVERSION TO PRISMACOLOR PREMIER Charts from 5 of the Most Popular 72+ Budget Brands of Colored Pencils FIFTEEN Single-Sided Practice & Coloring Pages for Use with the Tutorials, Including Several Toned Paper Coloring Pages Simple Background Ideas Color Scheme Swaps Instruction on Light & Shadow *Limited time* BONUS - FREE GIFT of Downloadable White Versions of Several Toned Pages A Downloadable, Customizable Color-Organizer Chart Information on Newest Trends Including: Favored Colored Pencils of Colorists and Mixed Media Supplies The Elements & Principles of Art & Design Appropriate for All Ages and Different Skill Levels Markers and Gel Pens may Be Used in the Book with Blotter Pages Underneath 2017 Amazon Best-Selling Author, Artist and educator, Jennifer Zimmermann knows how to make the complicated simple! In this newest volume, Jennifer walks you through eye-popping yet surprisingly achievable tutorials each step of the way. Have you been trying to find background ideas and money-saving hacks? Perhaps you need further instruction on lighting and shadows? Are you looking to make leather look real or to learn the differences between something matte vs. something glossy? Would you like to know how to color something transparent vs. opaque? Have you been wondering how to color GREYSCALE pages? It's all in the book! Schedule

Banish burnout with this deck of 60 easy-to-do-anywhere prompts that encourage sanity, serenity, and wellness in your place of work, wherever that may be. Burnout is common in today's work culture. Whether due to long hours, excessive workloads, or lack of work-life balance, we all know someone who has felt overwhelmed at work. Enter The Work Wellness Deck: 60 actionable suggestions that will restore a sense of well-being in the workplace and banish burnout once and for all. Packaged in a portable format, the deck is organized into three categories: REFRESH (mental health), FLOW (physical health), and CONNECT (work relationships). Prompts include office stretches that help your posture, breathing exercises to manage stress, a gratitude practice to focus on the positive, and networking ideas to build meaningful relationships. Individuals can keep the deck on their desk or in their bag, pulling a card to start the day or as a midday mindfulness break, teams can use the cards to set a group intention, and company leaders can distribute this deck to employees as a wellness perk. No matter how it's used, The Work Wellness Deck will help people in all industries build resiliency, improve productivity, communicate effectively, and forge connection—no matter where they work.BURNOUT IS COMMON: Whether you work from home and struggle to delineate work and personal time, or you work long hours at an office, it is common to feel overworked and overwhelmed at one point or another. The Work Wellness Deck is an effective tool in preventing and/or diminishing feelings of burnout. PERFECT FOR COMPANIES: Small businesses, company leaders, and HR reps in every industry—tech; finance, healthcare, law, media, nonprofits, retail, and more—can distribute this deck to their employees as a way to encourage them to prioritize their health and wellness. LITTLE-PUBLISHED SLICE OF WELLNESS: Wellness is a huge trend, but beyond self-help books on the topic, there isn't much accessible publishing on wellness in the workplace. This one-of-a-kind format is practical but still giftable, and fills that gap.Perfect for: People who work and want to prioritize their own wellbeing Anyone who feels burned-out Job-changers and quiet quitters New graduates HR reps and company leaders (for themselves or their employees); especially as a welcome gift for new hires, or a gift for a workplace anniversary or promotion

The world of social media can feel like a fast-paced adventure, where your child or student seems like a savvy digital explorer, effortlessly navigating selfies, memes, and viral TikTok trends. But take a closer look, and you might realize that their digital journey could use a bit of guidance. "Don't Let Your Digital Footprint Kick You in the Butt!" is not just another book - it's a roadmap to mastering the online realm. In a world where your every click leaves a mark, this book is the ultimate guide to understanding and harnessing the power of the digital landscape. It's time to move beyond the surface-level scrolling and embrace the concept of personal branding. Through riveting real-life examples, this book dives deep into both the brilliant successes and cautionary tales of online existence. The digital age isn't all fun and games; it's also a realm of challenges like cyberbullying and the pitfalls of reckless communication. But fear not! This guide equips your young digital denizen with the armor they need to face these challenges head-on. From cyber etiquette to the intricacies of cultivating a positive online persona, "Don't Let Your Digital Footprint Kick You in the Butt!" offers tangible, actionable advice that will empower them to thrive in the virtual universe. But this isn't just a book - it's a toolkit. Packed with interactive exercises, this guide isn't about preaching; it's about engaging. With a dynamic blend of storytelling, practical activities, and thought-provoking questions, this book isn't just meant to be read - it's meant to be experienced. Ideal for students navigating the treacherous waters of middle and high school, as well as those venturing into the world of early college, this book is the conversation starter you've been looking for. So, whether you're an educator aiming to empower your classroom or a guardian eager to equip your home, "Don't Let Your Digital Footprint Kick You in the Butt!" is the launchpad for insightful discussions about digital responsibility. This updated edition includes a foreword by marketing professor Dr. Monique Bell and a Bonus Section for anyone who has ever thought about becoming a social media influencer - could it be your next career? Buckle up, because this isn't just a book - it's a thrilling expedition into the heart of digital citizenship. Let the adventure begin!

“She didn’t just change how people wear makeup—she changed how they see themselves” (Charlamagne tha God, for the Time 100 Most Influential People list). Bobbi Brown, beauty mogul and visionary, opens up in her first memoir about the true story: reinvention, resilience, and the power of staying real. Bobbi Brown is a trailblazer in the beauty industry. A New York Times bestselling author of nine makeup tutorial books to date, she is the founder of both her namesake beauty brand, Bobbi Brown Cosmetics, and her four-year-old clean beauty brand, Jones Road. Recognized as one of Fortune’s Most Powerful Women in 2021, included in Forbes’s “50 Over 50” list of Most Influential Women in 2022, and honored with the Glamour Woman of the Year Award, Bobbi’s career has been nothing short of groundbreaking. In Still Bobbi, she shares her personal journey, including the integral relationships that inspired and emboldened her from a young age to pursue her creative vision despite numerous challenges—offering a heartfelt and inspiring memoir guaranteed to captivate readers of all ages. In 1980, Bobbi Brown had a wild idea: real faces are beautiful. When makeup trends were about covering, contouring, and transforming, Bobbi blazed her own path, using makeup that accentuated a woman’s natural beauty. In the process, she revolutionized the makeup industry. Bobbi’s philosophy is part of who she is, and it’s reflected in the way she lives her life. Real is better than fake. Simple is better than complicated. Family comes first. When real life throws you obstacles, maneuver and just figure it out. This hard-earned, deceptively simple wisdom is at the core of her new book, Still Bobbi. Bobbi has authored many makeup books but has never written about her life…until now. Bobbi shares her story—a seemingly typical suburban girl who thrived socially but struggled academically and had a wonderfully complicated and glamorous mother. Bobbi navigated her childhood and discovered and refined her own view of beauty. She talked her way into New York’s beauty and fashion scene in the 1980s, found the love of her life, built her namesake brand into a billion-dollar worldwide business, sold control of her namesake brand, only to build another juggernaut beauty brand—all while raising a family and remaining true to herself. In sharing a lifetime of intimate stories, hard-won practical wisdom, tips, and business savvy, Bobbi’s transformational memoir urges readers to embrace their own potential and pursue their dreams with confidence and clarity of purpose.

Banish burnout with this deck of 60 easy-to-do-anywhere prompts that encourage sanity, serenity, and wellness in your place of work, wherever that may be. Burnout is common in today's work culture. Whether due to long hours, excessive workloads, or lack of work-life balance, we all know someone who has felt overwhelmed at work. Enter The Work Wellness Deck: 60 actionable suggestions that will restore a sense of well-being in the workplace and banish burnout once and for all. Packaged in a portable format, the deck is organized into three categories: REFRESH (mental health), FLOW (physical health), and CONNECT (work relationships). Prompts include office stretches that help your posture, breathing exercises to manage stress, a gratitude practice to focus on the positive, and networking ideas to build meaningful relationships. Individuals can keep the deck on their desk or in their bag, pulling a card to start the day or as a midday mindfulness break, teams can use the cards to set a group intention, and company leaders can distribute this deck to employees as a wellness perk. No matter how it's used, The Work Wellness Deck will help people in all industries build resiliency, improve productivity, communicate effectively, and forge connection—no matter where they work.BURNOUT IS COMMON: Whether you work from home and struggle to delineate work and personal time, or you work long hours at an office, it is common to feel overworked and overwhelmed at one point or another. The Work Wellness Deck is an effective tool in preventing and/or diminishing feelings of burnout. PERFECT FOR COMPANIES: Small businesses, company leaders, and HR reps in every industry—tech; finance, healthcare, law, media, nonprofits, retail, and more—can distribute this deck to their employees as a way to encourage them to prioritize their health and wellness. LITTLE-PUBLISHED SLICE OF WELLNESS: Wellness is a huge trend, but beyond self-help books on the topic, there isn't much accessible publishing on wellness in the workplace. This one-of-a-kind format is practical but still giftable, and fills that gap.Perfect for: People who work and want to prioritize their own wellbeing Anyone who feels burned-out Job-changers and quiet quitters New graduates HR reps and company leaders (for themselves or their employees); especially as a welcome gift for new hires, or a gift for a workplace anniversary or promotion

“She didn’t just change how people wear makeup—she changed how they see themselves” (Charlamagne tha God, for the Time 100 Most Influential People list). Bobbi Brown, beauty mogul and visionary, opens up in her first memoir about the true story: reinvention, resilience, and the power of staying real. Bobbi Brown is a trailblazer in the beauty industry. A New York Times bestselling author of nine makeup tutorial books to date, she is the founder of both her namesake beauty brand, Bobbi Brown Cosmetics, and her four-year-old clean beauty brand, Jones Road. Recognized as one of Fortune’s Most Powerful Women in 2021, included in Forbes’s “50 Over 50” list of Most Influential Women in 2022, and honored with the Glamour Woman of the Year Award, Bobbi’s career has been nothing short of groundbreaking. In Still Bobbi, she shares her personal journey, including the integral relationships that inspired and emboldened her from a young age to pursue her creative vision despite numerous challenges—offering a heartfelt and inspiring memoir guaranteed to captivate readers of all ages. In 1980, Bobbi Brown had a wild idea: real faces are beautiful. When makeup trends were about covering, contouring, and transforming, Bobbi blazed her own path, using makeup that accentuated a woman’s natural beauty. In the process, she revolutionized the makeup industry. Bobbi’s philosophy is part of who she is, and it’s reflected in the way she lives her life. Real is better than fake. Simple is better than complicated. Family comes first. When real life throws you obstacles, maneuver and just figure it out. This hard-earned, deceptively simple wisdom is at the core of her new book, Still Bobbi. Bobbi has authored many makeup books but has never written about her life…until now. Bobbi shares her story—a seemingly typical suburban girl who thrived socially but struggled academically and had a wonderfully complicated and glamorous mother. Bobbi navigated her childhood and discovered and refined her own view of beauty. She talked her way into New York’s beauty and fashion scene in the 1980s, found the love of her life, built her namesake brand into a billion-dollar worldwide business, sold control of her namesake brand, only to build another juggernaut beauty brand—all while raising a family and remaining true to herself. In sharing a lifetime of intimate stories, hard-won practical wisdom, tips, and business savvy, Bobbi’s transformational memoir urges readers to embrace their own potential and pursue their dreams with confidence and clarity of purpose.

The world of social media can feel like a fast-paced adventure, where your child or student seems like a savvy digital explorer, effortlessly navigating selfies, memes, and viral TikTok trends. But take a closer look, and you might realize that their digital journey could use a bit of guidance. "Don't Let Your Digital Footprint Kick You in the Butt!" is not just another book - it's a roadmap to mastering the online realm. In a world where your every click leaves a mark, this book is the ultimate guide to understanding and harnessing the power of the digital landscape. It's time to move beyond the surface-level scrolling and embrace the concept of personal branding. Through riveting real-life examples, this book dives deep into both the brilliant successes and cautionary tales of online existence. The digital age isn't all fun and games; it's also a realm of challenges like cyberbullying and the pitfalls of reckless communication. But fear not! This guide equips your young digital denizen with the armor they need to face these challenges head-on. From cyber etiquette to the intricacies of cultivating a positive online persona, "Don't Let Your Digital Footprint Kick You in the Butt!" offers tangible, actionable advice that will empower them to thrive in the virtual universe. But this isn't just a book - it's a toolkit. Packed with interactive exercises, this guide isn't about preaching; it's about engaging. With a dynamic blend of storytelling, practical activities, and thought-provoking questions, this book isn't just meant to be read - it's meant to be experienced. Ideal for students navigating the treacherous waters of middle and high school, as well as those venturing into the world of early college, this book is the conversation starter you've been looking for. So, whether you're an educator aiming to empower your classroom or a guardian eager to equip your home, "Don't Let Your Digital Footprint Kick You in the Butt!" is the launchpad for insightful discussions about digital responsibility. This updated edition includes a foreword by marketing professor Dr. Monique Bell and a Bonus Section for anyone who has ever thought about becoming a social media influencer - could it be your next career? Buckle up, because this isn't just a book - it's a thrilling expedition into the heart of digital citizenship. Let the adventure begin!

Praise for Strategic Capitalism "Richard D'Aveni understands that managing competition between the United States and China-and their quite different forms of capitalism-will occupy leaders on both sides of the Pacific for decades to come and will shape the first half of the 21st century more than any other factor. This book is a welcome addition to a vitally important debate." -Ian Bremmer, president of Eurasia Group and author of Every Nation for Itself "Understanding the pluses and minuses of modern 'capitalism,' in more than a sloganeering way, is the great challenge for corporations and for government from North America to Europe to East Asia. Strategic Capitalism is a valuable contribution to clear thinking about this imperative." -James Fallows, The Atlantic, and author of China Airborne "Professor D'Aveni is a business provocateur extraordinaire. He tells you the straight scoop and will never cave to conventional wisdom unless there is proof that it is right. Strategic Capitalism is another example of D'Aveni's ability to synthesize a complex topic down to its key elements." -Bill Achtmeyer, Founder, Chairman, and Managing Partner of The Parthenon Group The Capitalist Cold War Has Begun The United States and its economic allies are under attack by a force unlike any they have ever faced. China and other emerging nations are competing for markets around the world using their own versions of capitalism-and, thus far, they are winning handily. In Strategic Capitalism, one of the world's leading authorities on global business strategy, Richard D'Aveni, describes how the "economic cold war" began, how it is being played out now, and how the West can change the course of events in its favor. Brilliantly conceived-and sure to ignite passions on both sides of the political aisle- Strategic Capitalism calls for an end to the economic idealism that dominates the national dialog. It also calls for a cold, hard focus on reality, which is this: government-managed capitalist systems consistently outmaneuver and outperform the traditional laissez-faire capitalism of the West. With refreshing levels of thoroughness, knowledge, and detachment, D'Aveni describes the competitive landscape today. These are the facts: The world's best competitors-with China in the lead-have adopted elements of managed capitalism, in which government and businesses work together toward a single aim. China's objective is clear-to displace the United States as the world's economic leader by becoming the global rule maker. If the West does not act soon, it stands to lose everything it holds most dear: financial prosperity, economic freedom, geopolitical power, national security, and even democratic values. This is disruptive innovation on a global scale. But instead of companies using breakthrough products and brands to gain market share, nations are devising "game-changing" economic systems to seize influence over-and beyond-the global economy. Bleak as the situation may be, D'Aveni contends that the West can reverse the trends currently tilting the global balance of power. In order to meet the challenges of the future, America must revisit long-held assumptions about economics and economies, seriously consider radical alternative policies, and embrace the concept of Strategic Capitalism.

Conservatives displayed deep dissatisfaction with the state of affairs in Russia in 1907-1914. A critical attitude toward reality was expressed more strongly by extreme right-wing supporters of the All-Russian Dubrovinist Union of Russian People and less strongly by relatively moderate sympathizers of the All-Russian National Union. Over time, dissatisfaction spread from the right to the left, capturing even representatives of the left flank of Russian conservatism by the beginning of World War I. Their negative mood increased especially after the death of Stolypin, who was accepted as a symbol of conservative reform implemented in a «national spirit». Conservatives of various persuasions, advocates and opponents of reform, came together in a negative evaluation of the current uncertain situation which satisfied neither. An explanation for this must be sought above all in the conservatives’ attitude toward Russian modernization. Although Russian conservatism did not, in principle, reject the need to adapt to new realities, it was extremely difficult for conservatives to accept that variant of socioeconomic and political modernization that was taking place in Russia in practice. The social base of Russian conservatism was patently inadequate for the new trends. According to statistical data about the deputies of the Third and Fourth Duma conservative factions attracted individuals from the dominating ethno-confessional group, who, at the same time due to poverty, low level of education, and connection with stagnating agriculture were deprived of real chances for success in a quickly modernizing Russia. Russian conservatism had become the political expression of the interests of social strata that were losing their influence and were those least adapted to the new conditions. There existed another, «ideological-value» dimension to the conflict between conservatives and the status quo. The ideals of Russian conservatives on the eve of World War I were openly archaic and, in essence, presented themselves as variations of the notorious Uvarov’s triad «orthodoxy, autocracy, nationality». Describing their vision of an optimal political organization, they allotted the central place to autocracy, insisted on the necessity to secure the dominant position for the Russian and Orthodox majority. They argued that agriculture was destined to remain eternally the key branch of national economy. The introduction of representative legislative institutions, rise of economic influence of some national minorities, rapid industrial growth, and serious problems in agriculture directly contradicted the conservatives’ notion of the optimal model for the state’s structure. Political and socio-economic modernization was looked at as at mortal danger to the old regime, or even as the beginning of a Götterdämmerung. In this situation, conservatives worked out a series of political and socio-economic programs which became alternatives to official policies. Their rejection gave rise to a wave of gloomy forecasts and eschatological expectations; the famous Durnovo memorandum was only one example of documents expressing emotions of this kind. Conservative viewed the future with pessimism, and this pessimistic mood turned to be justified by the catastrophic events in a few years. Before the Great War, conservatives had stopped viewing themselves as buttresses of the Russian political system. This condition, no less than pressure from the left, brought about the quick and irreversible disintegration of the 3rd-of-June Regime. The pre-1917 status-quo definitely did not suit socialists or liberals, but neither did it satisfy the conservatives.